My standard reference on Frost Heave (Via Wikipedia) is from Canada:
CBD-26. Ground Freezing and Frost Heaving - NRC-IRC
They call for slabs on well drained rock fill, and the Canadians should know something about frost.
I've heard about the use of insulation under the slab, no one here has tried it to my knowledge.
I wouldn't recommend a floating slab if you were building a tall masonry chimney, that might be top-heavy, otherwise, if the fill is well drained, I think it's a good technique.
I think the worst of both worlds is to put a sonotube under each corner of the slab. I think this just gives the ice lenses something to grab on to.